CD 1. Powers of government review -- Limits on the powers of federal courts -- Article III -- Jurisdictional limits -- Congressional control of jurisdiction -- The exceptions of power -- Justiciability limits : "cases and controversies" -- The doctrine of standing -- CD 2. The doctrine of standing (cont.) -- Ripeness -- Mootness -- CD 3. Political questions -- Advisory opinions -- Self-imposed rules of restraint -- Powers of the President -- Domestic powers -- Power and duty to execute the laws -- Delegation of power to the President -- Powers of appointment and removal -- Power to pardon -- CD 4. Commander-in-chief powers -- Foreign affairs powers -- Executive privileges and immunities -- Powers of Congress -- The necessary and proper clause -- The commerce power -- CD 5. The commerce power (cont.) -- Federalism limits on the commerce power -- The spending clause -- Power to enforce the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments -- CD 6. Power to enforce the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments (cont.) -- Federalism : relationship of the states to the national government -- Specific constitutional limits on states -- Supremacy of federal law and pre-emption -- The negative commerce clause -- Market participant doctrine -- CD 7. Market participant doctrine (cont.) -- Individual liberties : the state action doctrine -- Privileges and immunities -- Due process of law -- The incorporation of the Bill of Rights to the states -- Substantive due process -- Economic rights -- Fundamental personal rights -- CD 8. Fundamental personal rights (cont.) -- Procedural due process -- Equal protection of the laws -- CD 9. The purpose to discriminate requirement -- The equal protection "tests" -- Racial discrimination and affirmative action -- CD 10. Alienage discrimination -- Gender discrimination -- Illegitimacy discrimination -- "Non-suspect" classifications -- The First Amendment, freedom of expression -- Vagueness, ovebreadth, and prior restraint -- Content control of expression -- CD 11. Content control of expression (cont.) -- Time, place, and manner controls -- Special categories of expression -- Incitement -- Fighting words -- Obscenity -- Defamatory speech -- Commercial speech -- Public and non-public forums -- Government employees on the job -- CD 12. Students in school -- Free expression summary -- The First Amendment, religion clauses : the establishment clause -- Generalized government benefits to religious groups -- Government aid to religious schools -- Prayer in public schools -- The First Amendment, free exercise clause.
