The evidence-based practice manual for nurses

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Where to find it

Health Sciences Library — Books (3rd floor)

Call Number
WB 102 E938 2007
Status
Available

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Summary

The Evidence-based Practice Manual successfully breaks down the skills for evidence-based nursing into manageable components. The reader will learn how to find, critically read and interpret a range of research studies, and will discover optimal approaches to helping patients reach decisions that are informed by the best-available evidence. The more-strategic concepts of developing an organisational evidence-based culture and making evidence-based changes at organisational level are the focus of the final section.

This book will be invaluable both for students and for qualified nurses who are reviewing their clinical practice, developing guidelines or protocols, undertaking systematic reviews, learning about research or carrying out a literature review to inform research.

Step-by-step guide to finding, appraising and applying research evidence in nursing Teaches skills for successfully reviewing published literature: formulating a focused question developing a search strategy for efficient retrieval of relevant studies appraising the retrieved studies All examples are relevant to nurses and nursing Reflects contemporary nursing issues A new chapter on 'Using research evidence in making clinical decisions with the individual patient' provides practical guidance and tools for decision-making A new chapter on 'Using evidence from qualitative studies' explains the complexities of qualitative methodologies and methods in a simple, easily understood way Online exercises and solutions provide an opportunity to critically appraise studies with the following range of designs: qualitative research a randomised controlled trial a cohort study a case control study a diagnostic test accuracy study a systematic review a clinical guideline Example solutions are provided, all written by experts in the field.

Contents

  • Contributors p. xi
  • Foreword to second edition p. xiii
  • Foreword to first edition p. xv
  • Preface p. xvii
  • Section 1 The Context for Evidence-Based Practice
  • 1 Evidence-based practice in nursing p. 3 Jean V Craig and Maggie Pearson
  • Introduction p. 4
  • Evidence-based health care: what is it and why do we need it? p. 4
  • The evidence-based movement across health care p. 8
  • Challenges p. 10
  • A wide range of evidence bases relevant to nursing practice p. 12
  • The problem of generalisability p. 15
  • When will we get there? p. 16
  • Section 2 Skills for Evidence-based Practice
  • 2 How to ask the right question p. 25 Jean V Craig
  • Introduction p. 26
  • Information for effective nursing care p. 26
  • Turning Information needs into focused questions p. 29
  • A framework for formulating questions p. 32
  • Becoming proficient in asking questions p. 40
  • Specific prompts for accessing research evidence p. 42
  • Prioritising questions p. 43
  • Questions for research p. 43
  • Questions and research evidence aren't enough p. 44
  • Summary p. 45
  • 3 Searching the literature p. 51 Olwen Beaven and Jean V Craig
  • Introduction p. 52
  • Where is research information found? p. 52
  • Getting help p. 53
  • Basic search principles p. 53
  • Where to search first p. 60
  • Where to search next p. 65
  • An example search on the MEDLINE database (PubMed version) p. 66
  • Common queries regarding searching p. 73
  • Tips for more advanced users p. 75
  • Searching for a systematic review p. 80
  • The internet p. 83
  • 4 Critical appraisal of quantitative studies I: Is the quality of the study good enough for you to use the findings? p. 95 Faith Gibson and Anne-Marie Glenny
  • Introduction p. 96
  • Is the quality of the study good enough for me to use the results? p. 98
  • Worked example 4.1 Assessing the quality of a study that asks a question about the effectiveness of a therapy or intervention p. 104
  • Worked example 4.2 Assessing the quality of a study that asks a question about the performance or accuracy of a particular diagnostic test or method of assessment p. 110
  • Worked example 4.3 Assessing the quality of a study that asks a question about the likely pattern and/or outcome of a particular health problem/disease p. 116
  • Critical appraisal in practice p. 120
  • Summary p. 122
  • 5 Critical appraisal of quantitative studies 2: Can the evidence be applied in your clinical setting? p. 127 Anne-Marie Glenny and Faith Gibson
  • Introduction p. 128
  • Deciding whether the results can be applied in your clinical setting p. 129
  • What do the results of this study mean in my context/for my patients? p. 131
  • Interpreting the results of studies about the effectiveness of a particular therapy or intervention p. 136
  • Interpreting the results of studies that investigate the performance or accuracy of a particular diagnostic test/method of assessment p. 141
  • Interpreting the results of studies about prognosis or outcome of a particular condition and/or harm p. 146
  • Summary p. 149
  • 6 Qualitative research: critical appraisal p. 153 Andrea Litva and Ann Jacoby
  • Introduction p. 154
  • What is qualitative research? p. 154
  • Types of qualitative methods p. 156
  • Appraising qualitative research p. 162
  • How can qualitative research inform clinical practice? p. 175
  • Conclusions p. 178
  • Summary p. 178
  • 7 Systematic reviews: what are they and how can they be used? p. 185 Rosalind L Smyth
  • What are systematic reviews? p. 186
  • Cochrane Systematic Reviews p. 192
  • Critical appraisal of systematic reviews p. 193
  • Understanding meta-analysis p. 194
  • How can systematic reviews inform practice? p. 201
  • 8 Integrating research evidence into clinical decisions p. 209 Joan Livesley and Michelle Howarth
  • Introduction p. 210
  • More than research is needed p. 210
  • Clinical expertise p. 212
  • Patient preferences, values and beliefs p. 217
  • Limited resources for health care p. 227
  • Conclusion p. 227
  • Section 3 The Process of Changing Practice
  • 9 Evidence-based guidelines p. 237 Lois Thomas
  • Introduction p. 238
  • Guideline characteristics p. 238
  • National or local guideline development p. 239
  • Prioritising topic areas for guideline development p. 240
  • How are guidelines developed? p. 241
  • Consensus guidelines p. 246
  • Example of an evidence-based guideline p. 249
  • Appraising published guidelines p. 249
  • Adapting nationally developed guidelines for local use p. 255
  • Patient versions of guidelines p. 256
  • Introducing the guideline into practice p. 256
  • Evaluating the effectiveness of clinical guidelines in nursing and allied health professions p. 257
  • Benefits and disbenefits of clinical guidelines p. 259
  • Conclusion p. 260
  • 10 Implementing best evidence in clinical practice p. 267 Lin Perry
  • Introduction p. 268
  • How is this relevant to me? p. 268
  • Implementing best evidence - where to start? p. 269
  • First steps p. 274
  • What changes are needed? p. 285
  • How to implement the changes p. 291
  • Evaluating the progress and effects of the changes p. 297
  • Conclusion p. 299
  • 11 How can we develop an evidence-based culture? p. 305 Carl Thompson
  • Introduction p. 306
  • National imperatives p. 306
  • What does an evidence-based culture look like? p. 307
  • Step 1 Diagnosing the challenges to changing practice - understanding complexity p. 310
  • Step 2 How can evidence-based innovation and culture be encouraged? p. 312
  • Step 3 How can change happen? p. 316
  • Real-life examples of changing practice and culture p. 325
  • Conclusion: culture, practice change and evidence-based health care p. 331
  • Glossary p. 339
  • Index p. 347

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