Integrating geographic information systems into library services : a guide for academic libraries

With the onslaught of emergent technology in academia, libraries are privy to many innovative techniques to recognize and classify geospatial data - above and beyond the traditional map librarianship. As librarians become more involved in the development and provision of GIS services and resources, they encounter both problems and solutions. ""Integrating Geographic Information Systems into Library Services"" integrates traditional map librarianship and contemporary issues in digital librarianship within a framework of a global embedded information infrastructure, addressing technical, legal, and institutional factors such as collection development, reference and research services, and cataloging/metadata, as well as issues in accessibility and standards.

• Foreword p. viii
• Preface p. xi
• Chapter I Geography and Librarianship p. 1
• Introduction p. 1
• Geographic Study and Maps p. 2
• Maps and Map Libraries p. 3
• Communicating Geospatial Information p. 5
• Libraries: Facilitating Research in Geographic Information Science p. 7
• UCGIS Mission p. 8
• Library and Information Science p. 10
• Geospatial Data and the Information Economy p. 12
• Spatial Databases and Data Infrastructures p. 13
• Describing Geospatial Information p. 13
• Describing GIS Data Standards p. 14
• Access Issues in Using Geosptial Data p. 15
• Reference Services, GIS, and Academic Libraries p. 15
• Collection Management Issues in GIS p. 16
• Strategies for Integrating GIS in Library and Information Science Education p. 16
• Prognostication: Trends in GIS, Geospatial Data, and Academic Libraries Services p. 17
• References p. 18
• Chapter II Information Economy and Geospatial Information p. 22
• Introduction p. 22
• Role of Information in Contemporary Economy p. 23
• Geographies of the Internet p. 30
• Convergence of Communication Technologies p. 31
• The Social Structure of the Information Economy p. 34
• Community Internet Initiatives p. 35
• The Role of Libraries in the Information Economy p. 36
• Development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) p. 38
• Applications of Spatial Data and GIS p. 39
• Map Libraries in Transition p. 42
• Conclusion/Summary p. 42
• References p. 44
• Chapter III Spatial Databases and Data Infrastructure p. 53
• Introduction p. 53
• Characteristics of Spatial Data p. 54
• Conceptualizing Spatial Databases p. 55
• Elements of Database Design p. 56
• Emergence of a Telecommunications Network p. 58
• Characteristics of Distributed Spatial Databases p. 64
• Databases, Web Services, and Internet GIS p. 67
• Organizing a National Data Infrastructure p. 69
• A Cooperative Information Network p. 71
• Digital Geolibraries and Digital Collections p. 72
• Web GIS and Libraries p. 75
• Conclusion/Summary p. 77
• References p. 78
• Chapter IV Describing Geospatial Information p. 82
• Overview and Introduction p. 82
• Descriptive Standards in Libraries p. 83
• MARC p. 84
• MARC XML p. 89
• AACR2r p. 90
• Resource Description and Access (RDA) p. 90
• Classification Schedules p. 92
• Subject Access p. 95
• Finding Geographic Information in Libraries p. 96
• Making the Map p. 98
• Bibliographic Issues for Maps p. 99
• Bibliographic Description and Access Points: Title, Author, and Mathematical Data p. 100
• Conclusion/Summary p. 108
• References p. 110
• Chapter V From Print Formats to Digital: Describing GIS Data Standards p. 114
• Introduction p. 114
• What is Spatial Information? p. 115
• Creating a National Spatial Digital Infrastructure p. 116
• Standards Developers p. 119
• The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) p. 121
• Languages and Protocols p. 131
• Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata p. 136
• Conclusion/Summary p. 139
• References p. 142
• Endnotes p. 145
• Appendix p. 146
• Chapter VI Accessibility: Critical GIS, Ontologies, and Semantics p. 151
• Introduction p. 151
• Interoperability and Accessibility p. 152
• The Emergence of Critical GIS p. 153
• Ontologies and Semantics p. 154
• Quality Assurance p. 156
• Building Interoperable, Semantic Systems p. 159
• Digital Libraries: Solutions and Possibilities p. 161
• Individual and Organizational End Users: Issues in Accessibility p. 162
• The Library's Role p. 165
• Conclusion/Summary p. 167
• References p. 168
• Chapter VII Reference Services p. 175
• Introduction p. 175
• Spatial Thinking p. 176
• Interpreting the Milieu of Spatial Data p. 177
• Reinterpreting Traditional Patron Interactions p. 179
• Reconfiguring Instruction, Training, and Instructional Support p. 186
• Achieving Information Competencies p. 193
• Conclusion/Summary p. 196
• References p. 196
• Endnote p. 201
• Chapter VIII Collection Management Issues with Geospatial Information p. 202
• Introduction p. 202
• Creating a Collection Development Policy p. 203
• Building Geospatial Information Collections p. 207
• Collecting Governmental GIS Data p. 219
• Managing Geospatial Data Records p. 224
• Legal Considerations in Collecting Geospatial Information p. 227
• Conclusion/Summary p. 235
• References p. 236
• Chapter IX Geographic Information and Library Education p. 239
• Introduction p. 239
• Preparing Librarians for a Paradigm Shift p. 240
• Basic Skills for Librarians p. 240
• Important Components in SLIS/GIS Curricula p. 242
• Promoting Geographic Literacy: Skills needed by Librarians, Educators, and Students p. 246
• Developing a GIS-Integrated Curriculum for Library and Information Science p. 249
• Linking Preservice to In-Service Training p. 257
• Distance Learning in GIS p. 262
• Conclusion/Summary p. 262
• References p. 263
• Endnotes p. 266
• Chapter X What the Future Holds: Trends in GIS and Academic Libraries p. 267
• Introduction p. 267
• Getting From Then to Now p. 268
• GIScience Research p. 268
• Social Informatics and GIS p. 275
• Spatially Integrated Social Sciences p. 276
• Information Ecology p. 277
• Spatial Visualization p. 277
• Geocomputation p. 278
• The Role(s) of Libraries p. 279
• Conclusion/Summary p. 284
• References p. 286
• About the Contributors p. 296
• Index p. 298