Folding portfolios containing life-sized, full-color anatomical manikins printed on paper first appeared in France, Italy and Germany in the early 1800's, and served as the basis for the two-dimensional teaching models still in use today. This model folds out to form three identically sized anatomical men: the circulatory system in the closed position, a posterior view of the muscles on the left flaps, the nervous system on the right flaps, and a skeleton showing the major organs in the final (fully opened) position.
